How to Protect Your Landscaping Before the First Frost

The beauty of Vermont’s fall season is undeniable. Crisp air, fiery foliage, and cozy evenings make it one of the most enjoyable times of year. But as every homeowner knows, fall also signals that the first frost is on its way. Without proper fall landscaping preparation, that frost can damage landscaping, weaken lawns, and even kill delicate plants.

Fortunately, a little fall planning can go a long way. Here’s a complete guide to protecting your Vermont landscaping before the first frost arrives.

1. Understand Vermont’s Frost Timeline

The average first frost date in Vermont typically falls between late September and mid-October, depending on elevation and location. Coastal or lower-elevation areas may see frost a little later, while higher elevations feel it earlier.

Tip: Keep an eye on the local weather forecast once nighttime lows approach the mid-30s°F. Even a light frost can damage sensitive plants. Learn more about when to start prepping your property for fall and winter.

2. Mulch for Soil and Root Protection

One of the most effective ways to guard your landscaping against frost damage is mulching. Mulch acts like a blanket, insulating the soil and protecting plant roots from drastic temperature swings.

• Apply a 2–4 inch layer of organic mulch (shredded leaves, bark, or straw).

• Keep mulch a few inches away from stems and trunks to prevent rot.

• Use mulch in garden beds, around shrubs, and at the base of young trees.

This step not only keeps roots safe in winter but also enriches the soil for spring growth.

3. Cover Delicate Plants and Shrubs

Tender perennials, vegetable gardens, and younger shrubs are especially vulnerable to frost.

• Use breathable fabrics like burlap or frost cloths instead of plastic.

• Create simple wooden or wire frames to keep covers from resting directly on foliage.

• Cover plants in the evening before frost is expected and remove coverings during the day to allow sunlight and airflow.

This extra layer of protection can make the difference between plants surviving winter or not.

4. Deep Watering Before the Freeze

Well-hydrated plants are more resilient to cold. Before the ground freezes:

• Give shrubs, evergreens, and trees a deep watering to help them store moisture.

• Focus especially on newly planted trees and plants with shallow roots.

• Drain outdoor hoses and irrigation systems afterward to prevent pipe damage.

5. Lawn Care Before Frost

Lawns are often overlooked, but Vermont homeowners know a frost-damaged lawn can be a headache in spring.

• Stop fertilizing about 4–6 weeks before frost—too much late growth won’t survive winter.

• Rake leaves regularly so they don’t suffocate grass.

• Aerate and overseed thin areas in early fall to establish healthy grass before frost.

A well-maintained lawn in fall is more likely to bounce back lush and green in spring.

6. Protect Young Trees from Frost and Wildlife

Vermont winters are tough on young trees—not only because of frost, but also because of deer, rabbits, and rodents.

• Wrap trunks with tree guards or burlap to prevent frost cracks.

• Install fencing or mesh if wildlife is an issue in your area.

• Mulch around the base to insulate roots.

7. Bring Container Plants Indoors

Even cold-hardy plants are at risk in containers since their roots sit above ground, where they’re more exposed to temperature swings.

• Bring potted plants indoors or into a garage/shed.

• If they must stay outside, cluster them together against a wall for extra protection.

• Wrap pots with burlap or insulating material to reduce temperature shock.

8. Prepare Garden Beds for Winter

Garden beds benefit from a little TLC before frost arrives:

• Remove dead annuals and weeds to prevent pests and disease from overwintering.

• Cut back perennials, leaving about 6 inches above the soil line.

• Add compost before mulching to enrich soil for spring.

• Plant spring bulbs like tulips and daffodils before the ground freezes for a colorful start next year.

9. Avoid Heavy Pruning Too Late

While pruning is important, don’t do major trimming right before frost. Cutting too late encourages new growth, which won’t survive winter temperatures.

Instead:

• Focus on removing dead, diseased, or broken branches.

• Save structural pruning for late winter or early spring.

10. Winterize Irrigation Systems and Outdoor Water Sources

Frozen pipes are one of the most costly winter issues for Vermont homeowners.

• Drain outdoor hoses and store them indoors.

• Shut off irrigation systems and blow out sprinkler lines.

• Insulate exposed pipes to prevent freezing.

Final Thoughts

Protecting your landscaping before the first frost isn’t just about keeping your property beautiful—it’s about saving time, money, and energy in the long run. By mulching, covering vulnerable plants, winterizing water systems, and preparing garden beds, Vermont homeowners can safeguard their landscaping and enjoy a smooth transition into spring.

A little effort in the fall ensures your yard remains resilient, vibrant, and ready to thrive once the snow melts. Need help getting your property ready for fall and winter? Contact us today for a quote!